We studied the effects of weak and extremely-low-frequency
(ELF) magnetic fields (MFs) on the growth and germination of spruce seedlings
Picea abies (L.) Karsten simultaneously exposed to stress conditions. The
drought environmental stress conditions were simulated by watering the
seedlings with polyethylene glycol (PEG) at two different concentrations:
88 and 176 g/L. The experiments showed that a weak homogenous sinusoidal
magnetic field (50 Hz, 25 and 100 microT, 12 h/day), computer controlled
and generated by a pair of Helmholtz coils, strongly inhibited the germination
and mass growth of seedlings, while under normal conditions (without PEG)
the effects were either zero or stimulatory. When the seeds were soaked
in water, the effects of MF were reverse, i.e. they were stimulatory. This
strongly supports some previous findings of other authors that biological
systems under stress may demonstrate higher sensitivity to extremely low-frequency
electromagnetic fields (EMFs), but as far as we know, so far these findings
have not
been subject to any further systematic research.
Our experiments demonstrate the inhibition of germination was greater at
the greater concentration of PEG (at 100 microT), while the growth as well
as fresh weight did not show this concentration dependence. Besides well
known frequency and power windows we suggest the physiological windows
as well, since even the quality of
responsiveness to MFs (i.e. stimulation or inhibition)
may strongly depend on the physiological state of organisms, as it was
already proposed by some other authors and our group.
The following graph represented the effect of magnetic field 50 Hz 100 microT on the germination of seedlings under stress and nonstress conditions.