Theoretical biology

Modern biology is largely reductionistic, which means     Life is mostly seen as a complicated molecular phenomenon revolving around the axis of the miraculous molecule of DNA. Through such treatment, a living being as a whole loses its autonomy, which is clearly seen from the very prevalent selfish gene paradigm (see the World of Dawkins, Selfish Gene).

    However, this is not the only possible and scientifically acceptable view of life. There is a challenging alternative, namely its organistic (structuralistic) concept. It may be understood as a theoretical framework that treats processes and structural elements in living organisms as an emergent entity with new qualities that are irreducible to its structural elements - a whole. This whole is seen as possessing properties and laws, which are impossible to derive or foretell just from knowing the properties and laws of its partial or elementary processes and structural elements. The organismic whole is thus autonomous. See  GoodwinAbout genes .

    At our Institute we try to see life from the latter point of view, yet we do not neglect the importance and insights of modern reductionistic, mainly molecular, biology. What intrigues us most is how to understand the self organizing, essentially dynamic whole manifesting through the process of life in living beings, and how to relate it to the material and informational matter of organisms (proteins, nucleic acids, membranes etc.). We regard the basis for the organismic wholeness in a dynamic and partially coherent, long-range ordered, field. It comprises organisms as wholes and their minuscule molecular parts as well. The field must be in close communication with molecules, thus forming their functional and coordinated assembly that effectively builds the whole organism. It seems that the field exists on many levels or in other words, that it is a multilevel field. At least two levels of the field have been identified. First, there is the level of a long-range ordered electromagnetic field involving the so called coherent oscillations of dipolar molecules, as proposed by Fröhlich, Vitiello, del. Giudice, Preparata and empirically found by Kaiser, Grundler, Pollock, Pohl and others. Another aspect of this same level is the photon field that is behind the phenomenon of the ultraweak bioluminescence (see ultraweak). There are other research fields that prove a long range order in organisms, as for instance discovery of bands of colors when the living organism is exposed to polarized light in an unconventionally used polarization microscope, discovered by Mae Wan Ho.
        The second level of the dynamic, long-range ordered field is called morphogenetic field. The field is researched primarily by embryologists, though it has broader implications and is attracting mathematicians, philosophers and other scientists as well (see  morphogenetic fields )

    At present we are trying to review the concept of genetic information. In contemporary biology the latter is almost exclusively reduced to genes, i.e. to messages encoded into specially organized segments of DNA. There is another, more complex meaning of genetic information, viewing it also as non-linear interactions among countless products of genes. Still further comprehension includes maternal cytoplasm, since at least some of its elements could pass from generation to generation. However, our point is that there are at least two aspects of genetic information:

  1. a part that exists in the so called generic form of the morphogenetic field. It is not information as understood traditionally though it expresses itself through a certain dynamic structure of organisms.
  2. on the more detailed level the genetic information expresses itself in a more conventional way, namely through minor differences in the form of the organism and is mediated through certain genes as minuscule boundary conditions imposed on the expression of the basic morphogenetic field.


References:

Jerman I., Stern A. (1996): Gene in Waves (a book in Slovene language). Long summary in English.

Jerman I. (1998): Electromagnetic Origin of Life, Electro- Magnetobiol. 17(3): 401-413. Abstract.
 
 

Some links:

 About memes and genes

 Theoretical biology

Theoretical Biology of Adaptation

Complexity (Bruce Edmonds)

Coherence

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